Borneo is one of the world’s largest and most ecologically diverse islands. Much of it was covered with rainforest until widespread logging began in the late twentieth century. Politically it is divided among Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei. Contact with China and India goes back to the early centuries C.E., and the first European visitors found Malay, Indian, and Chinese traders already settled on the coast in the seventeenth century. The people of the interior are often collectively referred to as Dayak, although it is best to use more specific ethnic distinctions such as Kayan, Kenyah, and Ngaju. They have produced exceptional carvings and textiles. Large-scale sculptures were created to provide a protective function for a community or were made to commemorate an ancestor.